County
Derry from Samuel Lewis' Topographical
Directory of Ireland 1837
County Derry is bounded
by Co Antrim to the east, Lough Neagh to the southeast Co
Tyrone to the
south Co Donegal to the west and the sea Lough Foyle to the
north. The name is derived from the Irish Doire which means
an oak grove, the first settlements were set on what had probably
been an island in the river Foyle.
Traces of these early
settlers have been found making Derry one of the earliest
sites of human habitation in Ireland. Oak groves were sacred
places for the Celtic peoples, not only of Ireland but also
of Europe, and the early Christian evangelist's obviously
realized this, using it to their advantage, by locating their
churches and monasteries in or near such places.
In the sixth century saint Colmcille
(Columba) (521-597) is said to have come from Donegal to escape
the plague and founded the monastery of Derry, on land granted
to him by a local king reputed to be his cousin the Prince
of Aileach. Colmcille was responsible for founding many monasteries
in Ireland and Britain, including Durrow
in County Offaly and Iona on an island off the west of Scotland.
It is thought that the first church was located on the site
now occupied the little Church of Ireland Chapel of St Augustine.
Sometime during the late middle ages the old monastery came
to be used by an Augustinian congregation. The church of that
monastery was used by the London colonists who came to build
the walled city.
County Derry has an area of 2074 sq
km (801 sq miles) the Sperrin
Mountains are situated on its border with Co Tyrone. Its
main rivers are the Foyle, Roe both of which discharge into
Lough Foyle a tidal sea lough, and the Bann which forms th
eastern border with Co Antrim, the latter reaches the sea
at Coleraine.
Tourist Information
Londonderry
Co Down
Tel +44 (0)28 7126 7284
E Mail
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The river Roe
flows through the Roe valley, an area renowned for its
beautiful scenery, the Roe Valley Museum is well worth
a visit.
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