The upland areas of County Limerick mostly all lie along its edges and are shared with counties Clare and Tipperary.

They consist mainly of sandstone's, shale's, and slates. The highest are the Galtee Mountains, which rise to 800 meters (2624 Ft) in the southeast. This ridge continues westward as the Ballyhoura Mountains.

The proximity of Shannon airport which handles international flights, has considerably benefited Tourism City and surrounding areas. The national primary roads that radiate from the city within the county are the N7 to Dublin, the N24 to Waterford, the N20 to Cork, and the N21 to Tralee.

County Limerick from Samuel Lewis' Topographical Directory of Ireland 1837

Limerick is located along the the Shannon estuary and the river form much of its northern boundary, County Tipperary is to the east, Cork to the south, and Kerry to the west. It is one of the six counties in the province of Munster, the name comes from the Irish Luimneach which means barren land. Almost half of the population lives in and around the city of Limerick which is the third largest in the Irish Republic and the biggest in the western part of the state.

Much of the remainder of the county consists of pasture land and meadows. County Limerick is roughly rectangular in shape, measuring about 80 kilometer's from east to west and 40 kilometer's from north to south. Most of County Limerick consists of limestone lowland, rising in places to hills of volcanic rock and sandstone. The Rivers Deel, Maigue, and Mulkear (See rivers) drain the lowland northward to the Shannon estuary.

In the northeast are the Slievefelim Mountains. In the west, the land rises to a low plateau towards the Kerry border, with the Mullaghareirk Mountains to the south. Some of these upland areas have been planted with forest, these parts of limerick are popular with hill walkers.

Limerick City is the centre of the transport system, the city has a railway connection to Limerick Junction in Tipperary, where it meets the Dublin to Cork line. This line then passes through the southeast of County Limerick. There is a branch line to Nenagh and a freight only line to Foynes serving the port. County Limerick receives most of the shipping on the west coast of Ireland, the ports are the harbour of Limerick City and the deep water ports of Foynes and Aughinish on the Shannon estuary.

Limerick City has many thriving Industries, almost half of industrial employment is in light engineering. These includes electronic engineering, household appliances and other electrical goods, machinery and metal goods, also medical and optical supplies.